The significance of early second‐trimester sonographic detection of minor fetal renal anomalies

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Abstract
A study of 6350 consecutive transvaginal ultrasound examinations was performed as part of a routine fetal evaluation. Twenty‐one cases (0.33 per cent) of early second‐trimester sonographic detection of minor renal abnormalities (unilateral renal agenesis, pelvic kidney, and double collecting system) are presented. The sonographic diagnosis was made at 14–18 weeks of pregnancy and confirmed, in all of the 21 fetuses, postnatally or by post‐mortem. A high incidence of associated fetal anomalies (24 per cent) and parental renal abnormalities (14 per cent) was demonstrated. Transvaginal sonography was found to be a useful tool for diagnosing these renal anomalies as early as 14 weeks of pregnancy. The likelihood of various associated anomalies and long‐term implications on renal function raise questions concerning the prenatal management of such patients.