Vacuum Rabi Oscillations in a Macroscopic Superconducting QubitLCOscillator System

We have observed the coherent exchange of a single energy quantum between a flux qubit and a superconducting $LC$ circuit acting as a quantum harmonic oscillator. The exchange of an energy quantum is known as the vacuum Rabi oscillation: the qubit is oscillating between the excited state and the ground state and the oscillator between the vacuum state and the first excited state. We also show that we can detect the state of the oscillator with the qubit and thereby obtained evidence of level quantization of the $LC$ circuit. Our results support the idea of using oscillators as couplers of solid-state qubits.