A case of acute renal failure during intermittent rifampicin therapy (600 mg once a week) is reported. The anuria persisted for 6 days and was followed by prompt recovery. A renal biopsy showed tubular necrosis. The immuno fluorescence for IgG, IgM, IgA, B1C and fibrinogen was negative. The authors suggest that the incidence and severity of acute renal failure, as a clinical manifestation of rifampicin hypersensitivity, could be dependent on the interval between two successive doses of the drug.