System-Modelle und Simulations-Programme im Umweltmanagement – Eine kritische Analyse zum Stand der Technik
- 1 November 1996
- journal article
- Published by Oekom Publishers GmbH in GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society
- Vol. 5 (6) , 263-275
- https://doi.org/10.14512/gaia.5.6.3
Abstract
Environmental management has become a popular notion to describe the sum of strategies and of control measures of an organizational entity (a private enterprise or a public organization) to reach a state of activities which can be qualified as “compatible with the environment”. Within the last two decades a growing number of methods have been developed to be applied in the evaluation of the environmental management. They all focus on quality goals for certain aspects of the environment. In all cases more or less scientific concepts and models are used to quality and quantify the metabolic processes generated by man. In addition an exponentially growing number of computer programs are offered on the market to support the process of environmental management. These programs can be divided into two main groups. One group is restricted to data simulation. The other focuses on system simulation. In this context environmental management asks for a scientifically well founded understanding of anthropogenic systems, connected to geogenic systems. It is explained why very sophisticated data simulation programs cannot contribute to a better system understanding. However they serve as essential complementary tools to the systems models. It is shown, exemplified with the material flux analysis, how the system approach can be applied in a very broad spectra of environmental management problems.Keywords
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