Studies on antitumor activities of Basidiomycetes

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Abstract
Antitumor activities of fungal and bacterial polysaccharides were reported in mice. In the present experiment, the influence of sex on antitumor effects of such material from Grifolia umbellata, Coriolus versicolor or Sargassum thunbergii and tumor immunity of mice was investigated. The growth velocities of sarcoma 180, Ehrlich solid carcinoma, pulmonary tumor 7423 and NF-sarcoma bearing mice without treatment and those treated with polysaccharides were more rapid in males than in females. Regression rates in mice with the above tumors were higher in females than in males. A few DS Mie mice with sarcoma 180 and A/Jax Mie mice with Ehrlich solid carcinoma regressed spontaneously. The growth velocity of Shionogi carcinoma 42 was influenced by sex. Males and females which experienced regression of ascites tumor after the administration of polysaccharides and rejected reimplanted Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, sarcoma 180, NF-sarcoma and Shionogi carcinoma 42. A strong enhancement of the immune response occurs in tumors implanted in host animals after administration of polysaccharides. The combination of X-ray irradiation, Ehrlich ascites cells and polysaccharides strengthens the antitumor effect of NF-sarcoma and Shionogi carcinoma 42. Peritoneal exudate cells and lymphocytes were compared between male and female mice after treatment with ATSO and P.GU-1. Such cells were present to a greater extent in females.

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