Data from observations made on the home life of boys were analyzed to test the hypothesis that paternal absence during childhood was significantly correlated with masculine-feminine identity, intensity and type of anxiety experienced, and proclivity towards antisocial behavior. The results indicated that paternal absence is related to trends towards a feminine identification (though not in terms of overt homosexuality), aggressivity, anxiety related to sex, and oral tendencies. No significant relationship was found between paternal absence and anxiety as reflected in general fearfulness or incidence of antisocial behavoir. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)