Catalytic synthesis of 3-substituted indoles using CO as building block and supported rhodium as catalyst

Abstract
Under hydroformylation conditions, using supported rhodium as catalyst, 2-nitrostyrene is directly converted into skatole in ca. 70% yield, by a reaction involving formation of 2-(o-nitrophenyl)propionaldehyde by homogeneous catalysis, reduction of the nitro-group by heterogeneous catalysis, then ring closure and thermal dehydration.