Aging and loss of flocculation activity of aqueous polyacrylamide solutions

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Abstract
There is a rapid and a slow stage in the decrease of reduced specific viscosity versus time (aging) for a solution of a high intrinsic viscosity polyacrylamide in water. The rapid stage is irreversible and has a fairly high temperature coefficient. Results of the latter type are usually associated with a weak‐link scission mechanism, but they can also be reconciled with a disaggregation mechanism. A disaggregation mechanism is also indicated for the rapid stage by an increase in the first‐order rate contant with a decrease in the polymer concentration or an increase in the shear rate and by the absence of the rapid stage during the aging of the same sample in formamide. Chemical changes in the polymer are suspected as being responsible for the RSV change during the slow stage in the aging of the high intrinsic viscosity polyacrylamide and also in the aging of a polyacrylamide of low intrinsic viscosity. The aging of the polyacrylamide of high intrinsic viscosity is paralleled by a decrease in the ability of the polymer to increase the subsidence of kaolin suspensions. This decrease in the flocculation activity is attributed to a weakening of the interparticle bridging by a change from a strong adsorption of the bridging polymer to two particles to a strong adsorption of the bridging polymer to one particle but weak adsorption of the bridging polymer to the other particle.