Methods for the detection of Jk heterozygotes: interpretations and applications

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Abstract
The lytic properties of red cells from Jk(a+,b+), Jk(a−, b+) and Jk(a+b−) (normal), Jk(a−b−), and obligate Jk heterozygotes were studied. The Jk(a−b−) cells did not hemolyze for at least 15 minutes in either 2 M urea or methylurea, whereas normal cells were completely hemolyzed in 2 minutes. Red cells from Jk heterozygotes demonstrated intermediate levels of hemolysis when compared to normal and Jk(a−b−) red cells. In addition, these cells had less than 10 percent hemolysis when suspended in 2 M methylurea prepared in 0.4 percent phosphate‐buffered saline (pH 7.2). This method may be an alternative to hemagglutination titration scoring for the detection of Jk, especially in paternity cases.