Tuberculous infections of the head and neck

Abstract
The incidence of tuberculous infections of the head and neck has increased since the 1 980s. This increase has been noted primarily in HIV-infected patients and recent immigrants from regions in which tuberculosis is endemic. The disease often presents with few pulmonary and systemic signs and symptoms but more extrapulmonary manifestations. The diagnosis of tuberculosis can be made through cytologic examination and culture of a fine-needle aspirate biopsy specimen. Treatment consists of multidrug antituberculous chemotherapy; surgery is reserved for recalcitrant cases.

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