Cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluations of an endurance training program

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Abstract
A comparison of the cardiorespiratory responses obtained using both a longitudinal and cross-sectional evaluation of an endurance training program was made in two groups of 60 young male military personnel. Both groups were initially tested (T1) and then retested 6 months later (T2). At T1, Group I was a sample of personnel not participating in a training program while Group II had undergone a 5-month endurance program (2–4 mile run/day). At T2, Groups I and II had been participating in the program for 6 and 11 months, respectively. Testing consisted of sub-maximal and maximal determinations of $o2, $E and heart rate (HR) using an interrupted treadmill test. $o2 max was 11% greater in Group II compared to Group I at T1 and increased 10% in Group I at T2. Similar results were also seen for HR sub max, HR max and $E max. These results show that similar values indicative of an improved level of cardiorespiratory fitness can be obtained using either a cross-sectional or longitudinal design when relatively homogeneous groups are studied.

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