Hyoid bone position, facial morphology and head posture in adults

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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine hyoid position, facial morphology and craniocervical posture in adult subjects with a complete or nearly complete dentition. The material consisted of lateral head films taken of 191 Finnish women aged 20–29, 30–49 and 50–81 years. The cephalometric methods of measurement have previously been described (Solow and Tallgren, 1976). In the two older age groups the mandibular inclination, the anterior facial heights and the sagittal jaw relation were, on average, significantly larger than in the young age group. The head position in relation to the cervical spine and the inclination of the cervical column showed no significant differences between the groups. The mean vertical distances from the hyoid to the upper face, the mandible and the cervical column were significantly greater in the older age groups. Correlation analysis further indicated that a large hyo-mandibular distance (hy to ML) is associated with a large mandibular inclination (NSL/ML). The position of hyoid in relation to the cervical column showed less variability than the hyoid relationship to the maxilla and the mandible.

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