Synthesis of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu oxide/Ag superconductors by melt dipping and oxidation of metallic precursor alloys

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Abstract
Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-Ag alloy coatings were made by vacuum induction melting followed by melt dipping on substrates of MgO, SrTiO3, and Al2O3. The metallic precursor layers were then subjected to a controlled atmosphere oxidation and annealing to produce oxide superconductors. Superconducting coatings with onset temperatures of 112 K and zero resistance temperatures of 80 K were obtained in this way. The addition of Ag aided in the alloy melting and dipping processes, and produced a superconducting oxide/noble metal composite after oxidation. The resulting superconducting phases were analyzed by x-ray powder diffraction. The influence of the substrate, dipping processes, oxidation, and annealing conditions on the superconducting properties are discussed.