The Classification of the Liquid Crystalline Modificatons in some Homologous Series

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Abstract
By means of miscibility investigations, the types of liquid crystalline modifications in the following homologous series have been established: trans-4-n-alkoxycinnamic acids (I); trans-4-n-alkoxy-3-chlorocinnamic acids (II); 6-n-alkoxy-2-naphthoic acids (III); 6-n-alkoxy-5-halogeno-2-naphthoic acids, halogen = chloro (IV), bromo (V), iodo (VI); 4′-n-alkoxy-3′ bromobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids (VII); 4-[4-n-alkoxybenzylideneamino]biphenyls (VIII) 2-[4-n-alkoxybenzylideneamino]-fluorenes (IX) and -fluorenones (X); 2,7-di-[4-n-alkoxybenzylideneamino fluorenones (XI); n-alkyl 4-[4-phenylbenzylideneamino cinnamates (XII). In the series I-VII and XI, besides nematic phases, the smectic type C (variants of polymorphism N; SC, N; SC) occurs. In series IX-X, besides nematic phases, the smcctic type A (variants of polymorphism N; SA, N; SA) occurs. In Series VlII the variants of polymorphism N; SB, SA, N; SA exist. In series XII the new variant of polymorphism SE, SB, SA has been found besides the variant SB, SA, N. The variant SE, SB, SA has also been observed in the compound 4-[4-nonyloxy benzylideneamino 1–4′ chlorobiphenyl. Some remarks are made on smectic polymorphism and 011 the structure of the smectic modification of the type E.