An Automatic Search for Similar Spatial Arrangements of α-Helices and β-Strands in Globular Proteins

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Abstract
A fast search algorithm to reveal similar polypeptide backbone structural motifs in proteins is proposed. It is based on the vector representation of a polypeptide chain fold in which the elements of regular secondary structures are approximated by linear segments (Abagyan and Maiorov, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 5, 1267–1279 (1988)). The algorithm permits insertions and deletions in the polypeptide chain fragments to be compared. The fast search algorithm implemented in FASEAR program is used for collecting βαβ supersecondary structure units in a number of α/β proteins of Brookhaven Data Bank. Variation of geometrical parameters specifying backbone chain fold is estimated. It appears that the conformation of the majority of the fragments, although almost all of them are right-handed, is quite different from that of standard βαβ units. Apart from searching for specific type of secondary structure motif, the algorithm allows automatically to identify new recurrent folding patterns in proteins. It may be of particular interest for the development of tertiary template approach for prediction of protein three-dimensional structure as well for constructing artificial polypeptides with goal-oriented conformation.