Reinvestigation of the S genome in Triticum kotschyi

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Abstract
Hybrids of Triticum kotschyi with induced autotetraploids of Triticum longissimum, Triticum speltoides, and Triticum bicorne and diploid T. speltoides were obtained. This is the first report of successful hybridization between T. kotschyi and T. bicorne. Optimizing meiotic data showed that the tetraploid hybrid involving T. longissimum (4x) fit the 3:1 model best with an x-value of 1.000, while those involving T. speltoides (4x) and T. bicorne (4x) fit the 2:2 and 2:1:1 models best with an x-value of 0.744 and 0.989, respectively. The triploid hybrid of T. kotschyi × T. speltoides fit the 3:0 model best with an x-value of 0.500. A reciprocal translocation was observed between T. kotschyi and T. speltoides. It is suggested that T. longissimum is the possible donor species of the S genome to T. kotschyi and that this S genome has remained essentially unchanged since its incorporation. This and other evidence suggest that T. kotschyi likely originated from the hybridization of T. longissimum × T. umbellulatum.Key words: hybrid, meiosis, chromosome pairing, autotetraploid, phylogenesis.

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