The Mermaid Malformation: Cloacal Exstrophy and Occult Spinal Dysraphism

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Abstract
Ring surgery for the release of the tethered spinal cords. The striking association between cloacal exstrophy and occult spinal dysraphism suggests a common developmental defect in the caudal pole of the embryo. A hypothesis is offered to explain this association. Terminal myelocystocele and lipomyelomeningocele appear to be part of a continuum of lesions associated with skin-covered spina bifida. (Neurosurgery 28:834-843, 1991) Copyright © by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons...