A Modification of Goldmann’s Apparatus for the Objective Determination of the Visual Acuity

Abstract
The moving test plate of the Goldmann apparatus was modified so as to contain a uniform background of black dots alternating with illuminated holes. Equality of average brightness of background and test object can be obtained more easily by varying the illumination than by the original photographic method. A calibration curve of distance of patient from test object is plotted as a function of visual acuity.

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