Dietary Determinants of Long-term Incidence of Chronic Nonspecific Lung Diseases

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Abstract
The association between diet and the 25-year incidence of chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CNSLD) was studied in 793 middle-aged men in the town of Zutphen, the Netherlands, in 1960–1985. During follow-up, 232 new cases of CNSLD were identified. The incidence rate was 14.1 per 1,000 person-years. Habitual food intake was assessed by the cross-check dietary history method. The intake of linoleic acid was positively associated with the incidence of CNSLD. The relative risk was 1.55 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.11–2.16), comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of intake of linoleic acid, independent of potential confounders (age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, and energy intake). Alcohol consumers showed a significantly lower risk than did non-consumers (relative risk (RR) = 0.72, 95% Cl 0.55–0.95) after adjustment for con-founders. In addition, fruit intake was inversely related to incidence of CNSLD (RR = 0.73, 95% Cl 0.53–0.99). No association was observed with intake of several antiox-idants. These results suggest that in addition to well-established determinants, such as cigarette smoking and occupational exposure, dietary factors may play a role in the onset of chronic nonspecific lung diseases. Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:37–45.

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