Factors determining nest distribution in the high-mountain antProformica longiseta(Hymenoptera Formicidae)

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Abstract
In this work we study nest distribution and its determining factors in Proformica longiseta, a high-mountain ant. Four factors affecting the distribution of nests were analysed: nest density, intraspecific and interspecific competition, distribution and density of nest-site rocks, and the mode of nest founding. In general, P. longiseta shows a random distribution which is favoured by the distribution and high density of adequate nest sites, and by little or no intraspecific and interspecific competition for space. P. longiseta shows a rather stable interannual density in the study area, although there is some variation over the active period. Over-dispersion was found on only two occasions, coinciding with the highest nest density. The rocks are not a limited resource and their abundance and distribution have no effect on P. longiseta nest distribution. This species founds nests by budding, but this process appears to influence nest distribution only when plots are larger than 100 m2.