Vibrational Spectra of Fluoronium Ions, FH2+, FD2+, and FHD+

Abstract
The first direct observation of fluoronium ions, FH2+ , FD2+ , and FHD+, is reported. The method of production of the fluoronium salts is described, and their infrared spectra are analyzed. The structure of the fluoronium ions is shown to be angular. The force constants have been evaluated. In the presence of liquid hydrogen fluoride, the fluoronium ions are strongly solvated by hydrogen bonds in the form (HF)nH+.