Population, Water Use and Growth of Groundnut Maintained on Stored Water. II. Transpiration and Evaporation from Soil

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Abstract
SUMMARY: Stands of groundnut were grown at four densities on water stored in a medium depth alfisol in central India. Evaporation was estimated from changes in soil water content, and partitioned between transpiration and evaporation from the soil surface. Seasonal transpiration was strongly influenced by plant population, and approached a maximum as the population density increased to 23 plants m−2. Evaporation from the soil surface was only a small component of the seasonal water balance in dense stands, and was little affected by planting density. Differences in transpiration rate between spacings were greatest early in the season, but diminished when the denser stands ran out of water. The denser stands extracted more water from deep in the profile. Plants in widely spaced rows preferentially extracted water from near the row; water mid-row was only used later in the season.
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