Interferon and Antiallergic Drug Regulation of Histamine and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Rat Mast Cell Subsets

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Abstract
We have further characterized the heterogeneity of mast cells (MCs) by comparing the ability of rat peritoneal MCs (PMCs) and intestinal mucosal MCs (IMMCs) to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and by investigating its regulation by interferon (IFN) and the antiallergic drugs nedocromil sodium (NED) and sodium cromoglycate (SCG). Although IMMCs store less TNF-α than PMCs, they produced comparable amounts of TNF-α in cytotoxic assays. Just as SCG and NED inhibit histamine secretion from PMCs but not IMMCs, IFN exhibited a similar differential effect on histamine release from these cells. However, SCG, NED, and IFN inhibit TNF-α-dependent cytotoxicity by both PMCs and IMMCs and reduce the steady-state levels of mRNA for TNF-α in PMCs. Thus, the modulation of MC mediator release depends upon the MC population and mediator studied. The inhibitory effect of SCG and NED on TNF-α release from MCs may explain some of their anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects.

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