HAT-P-2b: A Super-Massive Planet in an Eccentric Orbit Transiting a Bright Star

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Abstract
We report the discovery of HAT-P-2b, a massive (Mp=8.17+/-0.72 M_Jup) planet transiting the bright (V=8.7) F8 star HD 147506, with an orbital period of 5.63 days and an eccentricity of e=0.5. From the transit light curve we determine that the radius of the planet is Rp = 1.18+/-0.16 R_Jup. HAT-P-2b has a mass about 9 times the average mass of previously-known transiting exoplanets, and a density of rho = 6.6gcm^-3, similar to that of rocky planets like the Earth. Nevertheless, its mass and radius are in accord with theories of structure of massive giant planets composed of pure H and He. The high eccentricity causes a 9-fold variation of insolation of the planet between peri- and apastron.

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