MAUNA LOA OBSERVATORY: THE FIRST FIVE YEARS

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Abstract
Weather Bureau Research Station, Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), at an elevation of 11,150 ft. on the north slope of Mauna Loa, Hawaii, was dedicated in July 1956 and assigned a permanent staff one year later, in preparation for the International Geophysical Year. The historical background, physical setting, and facilities of the Observatory are described and the many and diverse scientific uses made of the site in the nearly six years of its existence reviewed. MLO's present effort lies principally in the continuous monitoring of solar radiation, carbon dioxide, total and surface ozone, and the meteorological elements, and in the analysis and interpretation of the data. Ice nucleus counts have been made during local volcanic eruptions and for other periods ranging from several weeks to a year or more. An extensive program in atmospheric electricity was recently completed. The motions and properties of the atmospheric envelope about Mauna Loa are being explored as a key to interpreting the observati... Abstract Weather Bureau Research Station, Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), at an elevation of 11,150 ft. on the north slope of Mauna Loa, Hawaii, was dedicated in July 1956 and assigned a permanent staff one year later, in preparation for the International Geophysical Year. The historical background, physical setting, and facilities of the Observatory are described and the many and diverse scientific uses made of the site in the nearly six years of its existence reviewed. MLO's present effort lies principally in the continuous monitoring of solar radiation, carbon dioxide, total and surface ozone, and the meteorological elements, and in the analysis and interpretation of the data. Ice nucleus counts have been made during local volcanic eruptions and for other periods ranging from several weeks to a year or more. An extensive program in atmospheric electricity was recently completed. The motions and properties of the atmospheric envelope about Mauna Loa are being explored as a key to interpreting the observati...

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