Group Processes and Collective Interaction in Delinquent Activities

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Abstract
Delinquent activities are viewed from the perspective of con verging research findings on the nature of groups and their impact on the behavior of members. Theory and research show the importance of group processes for adolescent behavior whether socially desirable or undesirable. Their examination helps to resolve some paradoxes and predict "unexpected events" that currently plague formulations on delinquency. As part of the effort to achieve generally applicable concepts for theory and research, the advantage is noted of using non-pejorative terms as research tools without the stereotyped connotations of labels such as "gang" or "delinquent subculture." Based on accumulating experimental and empirical findings, a summary account is given of (a) the circumstances and motives conducive to group forma tion and (b) the step-by-step formation of the group. The socially harmful and socially desirable impact of reference groups on the identified membership is sketched and the func tion and importance of adolescent reference groups in modern societies are examined. With reference to research findings on group formation, on adolescence, and on collective interaction, implications are drawn for research methods in the study of group processes.

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