Abstract
The comparative research framework, contrasting distinct groups by statistical significance tests, is examined for major epistemological and practical problems inherent in its usage with African-European (Black-White) groups. Three axioms are given regarding the proper and improper usage of this approach in the context of epistemological soundness. Published examples of proper and improper usage are presented. Three kinds of proper usage are identified. And, the intricacy in determining whether a given implementation of this research framework is proper or improper is discussed.