Diabetic Retinopathy

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Abstract
THE frequency of vascular disease is known to increase directly with the duration of diabetes mellitus.1 , 2 Becently, electron-microscope studies have shown that capillaries in many of the diabetic patients' organ systems (fat being the notable exception) demonstrate basement-membrane thickening.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Benal biopsy has revealed glomerular basement-membrane thickening quite early in the course of diabetes — that is, with minimal abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism.8 Diabetic microangiopathy is the term that encompasses all the capillary changes in the diabetic patient.5 , 6 The specific dia- betic renal vascular (glomerular) lesions — that is, nodular and diffuse glomemlosclerosis — correlate well not only with the duration . . .