Clinical Relevance of a Dipole Field in Rolandic Spikes

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Abstract
Summary: The clinical presentation of 366 children with rolandic spikes was examined to determine whether the presence of a temporal-frontal dipole field is associated with a lower incidence of clinical abnormality. Comparisons were made between the clinical presentation of 99 children with temporal-frontal dipole discharges versus 267 children with nondipole rolandic discharges. Criteria examined were birth history, developmental milestones, school history, total number of seizures, neurological examination, and computed tomography (CT) findings. For all clinical parameters, except birth history and CT finding, there was a lower incidence of clinical abnormality in the group with dipole discharges (p < 0.001). The clinical profile seen with temporal-frontal dipole discharges was very different than with nondipole rolandic spikes. Children with dipole discharges less often presented with frequent seizures (10%), developmental delay (18%), school difficulties (34%), or abnormal neurological exam (22%). In contrast, children with nondipole rolandic discharges often presented with a history of frequent seizures (55%), developmental delay (55%), school difficulties (60%), and an abnormal neurological exam (63%). The incidence of clinical abnormalities in the nondipole group exceeded that found in our control population in all areas. Temporal-frontal dipole discharges are associated with a lower incidence of clinical abnormality than are nondipole rolandic spikes. These discharges may represent a benign functional focus.