Joint effects of history of hypertension at baseline and type 2 diabetes at baseline and during follow-up on the risk of coronary heart disease

Abstract
To evaluate the joint associations of history of hypertension at baseline and type 2 diabetes at baseline and during follow-up on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and CHD mortality. Study cohorts included 49 775 Finnish subjects aged 25–74 without history of CHD and stroke. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of CHD incidence were 1.25, 1.69, 1.25, 1.83, 1.85, 2.39, 2.15, and 3.31 (P-value for trend P-value for trend <0.001), respectively. The impact on CHD mortality associated with the different strata of hypertension and diabetes was almost the same or a little stronger compared with that on the CHD incidence. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes increase the CHD risk independently, and their combination increases the risk dramatically, particularly in women.