Evaluation of Fenoxycarb, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Malathion as Grain Protectants in Small Bins1

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Abstract
Treatment of wheat placed in 3-bu bins with 10 ppm fenoxycarb controlled the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, and Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), for two grain storage seasons in Kansas. Malathion (10 ppm) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Dipel, 125 ppm in 10 cm surface layer) were inadequate in controlling the moth and beetle species, respectively. The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), was controlled, based on a laboratory bioassay of wheat that had been treated with fenoxycarb 1 year earlier. None of the insecticide treatments reduced the ability of the seed to germinate. Residue analysis showed no loss of fenoxycarb after 1 year of storage and approximate distribution in milled fractions as follows: bran, 25 ppm; red dog, 5 ppm; shorts, 3 ppm, and flour, 1 ppm.

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