Hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline and acridine

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Abstract
The hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline and of acridine was studied in a batch autoclave reactor between 342 and 353/sup 0/C and between 500 and 2000 psig. The several commercial hydrotreating catalysts examined decreased in activity in the following order for quinoline hydrodenitrogenation: Ni--Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Ni--W/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Ni--W/SiO/sub 2/--Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, and Co--Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. The total nitrogen removal rate for quinoline was slightly greater than that for acridine and both followed pseudo first-order kinetics over a conversion range of 0 to 50%. Hydrogenation and cracking steps were both kinetically limiting. Nitrogen-containing reaction products for quinoline hydrodenitrogenation were 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline, decahydroquinoline and o-propylaniline. At 342/sup 0/C and 500 psig quinoline and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline were in thermodynamic equilibrium, and the disappearance of the lumped group of quinoline plus 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline followed pseudo first-order kinetics. Sixteen nitrogen-containing reaction products were found for acridine hydrodenitrogenation, including 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine, 1,2,3,4,9,10,13,14-octahydroacridine, sym-octahydroacridine, perhydroacridine, and o-(methylenecyclohexane)aniline. The hydrogenolysis step for both quinoline and acridine appears to be through hydrogenated forms of these compounds. This is supported by bond strength arguments.

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