Preparation of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 by Oxalate Method in Ethanol Solution (Part 1)

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Abstract
Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 (PZT) was prepared by calcining the oxalates which were co-precipitated from a reaction of metallic components in small amount of water with oxalic acid in large amount of ethanol. In the co-precipitation experiments, mixing procedures of two kinds of solutions and effects of additional titration with ammonia solution after oxalation were investigated. It was found that the addition of an aqueous solution containing metallic components to the ethanol solution of oxalic acid and subsequent addition of an ammonium solution were necessary in order to obtain highly dispersed fineparticulated PZT powders which have good crystallinity. These effects were confirmed by X-ray diffractometry, SEM observation, and measurements of particle size distribution. Calcination of thus obtained oxalate at 800°C for 2h produced a mixed phase of PZT's of rhombohedral and tetragonal symmetries. The particle size was around 0.2μm. On the other hand, the calcination at 1100°C produced the tetragonal phase, of which the c/a value was 1.029, and particle size was around 1μm.

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