Threshold photoelectrons coincidence spectroscopy of doubly-charged ions of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and oxygen

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Abstract
Single photon double ionization of nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen (O2) has been studied in an electron-electron coincidence experiment. Threshold photoelectrons coincidence (TPEsCO) spectra have been obtained using a dual penetrating field technique, in which only electrons with nearly zero kinetic energy (22+, CO2+, NO2+ and O22+, excited essentially at their respective thresholds, resolving vibrational energy levels for nearly all states where they exist. Accurate energies of the features observed in the TPEsCO spectra, and the molecular parameters derived from them, are presented, and the possible mechanisms of formation are discussed.