ETUDE COMPARATIVE DE SOLS DES LAURENTIDES, QUEBEC

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Abstract
Five profiles were sampled in the till deposits of the Laurentides Hills. Two were obtained at Duchesnay, near Quebec City and three north of Montreal, including two profiles of the Gatineau and one of the Sainte-Agathe series of soils. Results of the particle-size distribution, morphological and mineralogical analyses suggested that the parent material was similar in all profiles. A high bulk density, about 2.00 g/cm3, was observed in the fragic horizon. Maximum weathering was found in the A horizons resulting in the formation of montmorillonite and kaolinite. The X-ray diffraction patterns obtained for the samples from Duchesnay were better defined than those obtained from the other profiles. In addition to illite, chlorite and vermiculite, two types of interstratified minerals were observed: illite–montmorillonite in the Podzolic-B and illite–vermiculite in the fragic horizons. High values, up to about 700 meq/100 g were obtained for the Al interlayers in the clay fraction. These profiles were classified as fragic ferro-humic Podzols (Sainte-Agathe and the profiles from Duchesnay) and fragic humo-ferric Podzols (Gatineau). The concept of fragic horizon in the soils from the Laurentides is discussed.

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