Continuous Culture of Yeast on Phenol

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Abstract
Debary-omyces subglobosus (NCYC 459) was grown in continuous culture at 30o in media containing 3, 6.65, 9 and 12 molesphenol/ml as sole source of carbon. With each medium, wash-out of organisms occurred at dilution rate in the range 0.33-0.36 hr . The yeasts became quickly adapted to the medium with lowest phenol content and grew readily at dilution rates between 0.1 and 0.3 hr-1 . At lower dilution rates, however, the endogenous metabolism of the yeasts tended to outstrip the rate at which phenol was supplied. With 9 [mu]moles phenol/ ml the best rate of output of yeast was achieved but at 6. 65 [mu]moles phenol/ml was most fully utilized, utilization being complete up to a dilution rate of 0.3 rate of 0.3 hr -1. At the highest contents of phenol in the medium, the yeast adapted less readily and produced considerable amounts of riboflavin. The population became heterogeneous, with some yeasts clumping and others large and fragile. There was some evidence that the latter were unable to metabolize phenol but could utilize catechol, a product of metabolism of the normal organisms. The appendix provides a comparison between the reported results and those calculated form the growth constants using classical mathematical treatment of continuous culture. Substantial deviations are attributed to high maintenance energy requirements, flocculation of the yeast and toxicity of the medium.

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