Cutaneous and brain temperatures related to respiratory metabolism of the sheep.

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Abstract
To determine the relation between brain, rectal, and skin temperatures in the thermal control of respiratory metabolism, sheep were immersed in water baths of controlled temperature. Ventilation and O2 consumption rate were measured using a mask and open-circuit method. Brain temperatures were measured from thermistors in needles passed through needle guides inserted asceptically several days before testing. The brain temperature of the normal sheep was found to be 0.2-0.5 C below the rectal temperature which was 39. 5-40. 5 C, a high value for mammals. A neutral bath temperature, as indicated by minimal ventilation, was 33-35 C. During cooling, shivering could occur with a brain temperature higher than that of a previous nonshivering period.