Surface phonon dispersion on Cu(111)

Abstract
We report the first experimental determination of surface phonon dispersion on Cu(111) using high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. The gap mode (S2) near in the surface Brillouin zone is measured for the first time in addition to extending earlier He scattering measurements by Toennies and collaborators of the Rayleigh and longitudinal resonance modes. Lattice-dynamical and electron-scattering analysis of these results indicate that the lateral surface force constant is softened by approximately 15% in marked contrast to earlier suggestions that a 5070% reduction occurs on this surface.