Electron microscopic heteroduplex studies of sequence relations among plasmids of Escherichia coli: structure of F13 and related F-primes

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Abstract
The structure of F13, a plasmid containing lac, purE, and proC, has been determined by heteroduplex analysis. As expected for an F-prime formed by a type II excision event, it contains all the sequences of F plus a large segment of Escherichia coli chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. There is a sequence of F with coordinates 16.3-17.6F which has been shown in other studies to be the insertion sequence IS2. This IS2 occurs twice on F13, once at each of the two junctions of F deoxyribonucleic acid with chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. The sequence alpha beta which occurs twice on F with coordinates 93.2-94.5/OF and 13.7-15.0F occurs an additional three times, twice in an inverted order relative to the alpha beta sequences of F, on the chromosomal sequences of F13. The structures of the plasmids F13-4 and F210 have been determined. The common sequences of F13 with F152-1 (a derivative of F152, the classical F2gal) and with F13-4 and F210 have been mapped. These results partially map lac, proC, tsx, and purE on F13. On the basis of all of these results, it is proposed that Hfr 13 (the parent of F13) was formed by recirpocal recombination between IS2 on F and an IS2 resident at a point between lac and proC on the chromosome of the F+ parent of Hfr 13. It is proposed that this IS2 and the several alpha beta sequences on the chromosomal part of F13 are hot spots for recombination with F, i.e., for Hfr formation. The point of origin and direction of transfer of many Hfr's can be explained by this hypothesis. In particular, the sequence relations of F42-1 (Flac) and of F152-1 (F 2gal) with F13 are completely consistent with this model.