The sensitizing capacity of multifunctional acrylates in the guinea pig

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Abstract
The multifunctional acrylates used in UV curable resins act as cross-linkers and diluents. They are usually based on di(meth)acrylate esters of dialcohols of tri- and tetra-acrylate esters of polyalcohols. In UV-curable coatings, the most commonly used are pentaerythritol triacylate (PETA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA). In other uses, such as dental composite resin materials, the dimethacrylic monomers based on n-ethylene glycol are the most useful. The sensitizing capacity of various multifunctional acrylats and their cross-reactivity pattern were investigated with the guinea pig maximization test. BUDA (1,4-butanediol diacrylate) and HDDA evidently are moderate to strong sensitizers and they probably cross-react with each other. The n-ethylene glycol diacrylates and methacrylates tested are weak or nonsensitizers. Tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) is a moderate and neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA) a strong sensitizer, whereas neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate is a nonsensitizer. The commercial PETA is a mixture of pentaerythritol tri- and tetra-acrylate (PETA-3 and PETA-4). PETA-3 is a much stronger sensitizer than PETA-4. Simultaneous reactions were seen between PETA-3, PETA-4 and TMPTA. The oligotriacrylate OTA 480 is a moderate sensitizer, but no concomitant reactions were seen with PETA-3, PETA-4 or TMPTA. Of the multifunctional acrylates tested, the di- and triacrylic compounds should be regarded as potent sensitizers. The methacrylated multifunctional acrylic compounds are weak or nonsensitizers.