Coarctation of the Abdominal Aorta: Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Considerations

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Abstract
Coarctation of the aorta is the most frequent cause of hypertension in infants and children, 98% of which occur in the descending aorta near the ligamentum arteriosus. The anatomic, pathophysiologic and clinical variations of 5 patients with coarctation of the abdominal aorta are presented. Clinical and laboratory studies of the genesis of hypertension in coarctation are reviewed in a chronological outline. An experimental model of abdominal coarctation with hypertensive and renin-angiotensin II correlations suggests but does not prove a renal mechanism for the hypertension, as does the study of the clinical cases.