KβKαintensity ratios for x-ray production by fast deuterons,αparticles, and carbon ions

Systematic measurements of $\frac{K\beta }{K\alpha }$ intensity ratios have been carried out for a wide range of targets ($19\le Z\le 47$) using 2.35- to 12.5-MeV/amu deuterons, $\alpha$ particles, and carbon ions. Radiative-transition probability ratios were calculated for various $L$- and $M$-shell vacancy configurations using Hartree-Fock-Slater wave functions. Employing information previously obtained on simultaneous $K$- plus $L$-shell ionization, the velocity dependence of the simultaneous $K$- plus $M$-shell ionization probability was characterized and compared with the velocity dependence expected for ionization by direct Coulomb excitation.