Should Patients with Single Renal Stone Occurrence Undergo Diagnostic Evaluation?

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Abstract
Diagnostic evaluation was conducted on 34 patients with a single episode of renal stone formation. Absorptive hypercalciuria was disclosed in 55.9% (23.5% type I and 32.4% type II), renal hypercalciuria in 11.8%, primary hyperparathyroidism in 2.9%, hyperuricosuric calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in 8.8% and nometabolic abnormality in 20.6%. Compared to the group with recurrent stone formation the group with a single stone episode had just as severe biochemical abnormalities or laboratory results, such as hypercalciuria and exaggerated calciuric response to oral Ca load in absorptive hypercalciuria, high fasting urinary Ca and cAMP in renal hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria in hyperuricosuric calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis and low urine volume in no metabolic abnormality. Apparently, the same physiological and environmental disturbances characterize stone formation in patients with a single stone episode as in those with recurrent stone formation and indicate the need for diagnostic evaluation.