Complementary Optical Bistable Operation with Integration of Two Directional Couplers on LiNbO3 Crystal

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Abstract
Integrated optical bistable circuits consisting of two parallel reversed-Δβ-directional couplers interconnected by single-mode waveguides were fabricated on a single LiNbO3 crystal. Superior performances of the complementary and consistent types of hysteresis curves are demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. Parallel optical signal processes of different logic gate combinations are obtained.