Venous resistances in skeletal muscle and skin during local blood flow regulation

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Abstract
Venous resistance was studied in the gracilis muscle and whole hindlimb during various types of local blood flow regulation. In the gracilis muscle, venous resistance decreased during active (exercise) hyperemia and the venous-arteriolar response, did not change during reactive hyperemia, and increased during partial arterial constriction. In the whole hindlimb, muscle blood flow increased greatly in active and reactive hyperemia but skin flow was minimally affected. Both flows decreased on partial constriction of the femoral artery and increased on elevation of femoral arterial flow with a blood pump (mechanical hyperemia). Skin venous resistance rose during partial arterial constriction but was little affected on release of constriction and by exercise. Muscle venous resistance fell during mechanical hyperemia, was not affected by reactive hyperemia and rose during partial arterial constriction. In all cases, changes in venous resistance were in a direction opposite the change in venous resistance were in a direction opposite the change in venous transmural pressure. Changes in transmural pressure may be an important determinant but perhaps not the only determinant of venous resistance in local regulation.

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