Parasitism of Gonatobotryum fuscum on Species of Ceratocystis

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Abstract
The mycoparasite Gonatobotryum fuscum was found on Graphium sp. in 14 oak trees in 7 counties in West Virginia. All spp. of Ceratocystis and related spp. of imperfect fungi tested were parasitized by G. fuscum. Although the spores of G. fuscum germinated on several different media, the mycelium soon ceased to grow in the absence of a living host. The use of 85 different media resulted in general failure for axenic growth. Old aerial hyphae and conidiophores of G. fuscum were commonly parasitized by a host fungus, Graphium sp., in what is termed a reversal of parasitism. Light and temperature affected the degree of parasitism of G. fuscum on several hosts. Total darkness at 20[degree]C was optimum for growth of the parasite. G. fuscum grew best on its hosts in media containing a relatively high amount of carbon and a low amount of nitrogen. Growth of the parasite was stimulated when manganese was added to media otherwise not supporting good growth of G. fuscum on its hosts.

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