Effect on carbon lengthening at the side chain terminal of 1.ALPHA.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for calcium regulating activity.

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Abstract
A series of analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3 (1)] with alkyl substitutions in 26- and 27-positions have been tested for their activity 1) in competing with 1,25-(OH)2D3 for binding to chick intestinal cytosol receptor, 2) in ability for formation of multinucleated cells (MNC) with various osteoclastic cell characteristics from blast cells, and 3) in stimulating bone calcium mobilization in vitamin D-deficient rats. The relative potencies of 1,25-(OH)2D3, 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3 (2), 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-26,27-diethylvitamin D3 (3), and 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dipropylvitamin D3 (4) in competing for intestinal cytosolic binding were 1:1.1:0.25:0.05. The similar order of the abilities on formation of the multinucleated cells in the same series was observed. In a bone calcium mobilization test with vitamin D-deficient rats, 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3 showed slightly less activity than 1,25-(OH)2D3 at 12 h after administration, but long lasting activity was observed during time course experiments. 1.alpha.,25-Dihydroxy-26,27-diethylvitamin D3, and 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dipropylvitamin D3 were found to be much less active than 1,25-(OH)2D3 in a bone calcium mobilization test.