Influence of anode and filter material on image quality and glandular dose for screen-film mammography

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Abstract
The influence of anode and filter materials on the performance (image quality and dose) of a mammography system is investigated. The image quality is evaluated with the image quality index method. A computer simulation has been developed to calculate the physical parameters of the image quality index (contrast, resolution and noise) as well as the mean glandular dose. The calculations take into account the successive steps of the process: x-ray production, filtration, interaction with the test object, anti-scatter grid, interaction with the image detector (screen-film system). An excellent correlation is obtained between the results predicted by the model and those of experimental measurements, suggesting that the model may be used for the prediction of the performance of mammographic equipment. The experimental conclusions are confirmed: the use of a tungsten anode with a rhodium filter allows a dose reduction without a significant degradation of image quality. The computer program can also be used to simulate the influence of factors which are difficult to combine in practice, e.g., various anode and filter materials, monoenergetic x-rays, etc.