The interaction of sound with a subsonic jet issuing from a semi-infinite cylindrical pipe

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Abstract
The transmission of sound out of a semi-infinite circular jet pipe in the presence of subsonic flow from the pipe is investigated. An unstable cylindrical vortex layer attached to the edge of the pipe is considered across which differences in mean subsonic flow, density and temperature are included. A solution satisfying the Kutta condition and causality is found which possesses an instability wave term that dominates within a region of approximately 45° to the downstream jet axis. It is shown that when an exterior flow is imposed the noise level increases upstream whilst the instability wave weakens downstream. The stable part of the solution is shown to agree very well with some recent experimental results.

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