Karyotype Analysis inTriticum: I — Analysis ofTriticum Turgidum(L.) Thell. and Some Related Tetraploid Wheats

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Abstract
The karyotypes of 8 taxa of tetraploid wheats of different geographic origin and morphological traits: T. durum Desf. cvs. « Cappelli » and « Aziziah », T. dicoccoides (Körn.) Schweinf., T. dicoccum Schübl. cv. « Khapli », T. aethiopicum Jakubz., T. carthlicum Nevski, T. turgidum L. var. plinianum and T. ispahanicum Heslot, all belonging to the species T. turgidum (L.) Thell., have been analyzed. Idiograms drawn show that all the subspecies, varieties and cultivars analyzed have a fundamentally similar karyotype. According to our classification two satellited, two subterminal, seven submedian and three median chromosomes are present in all examined taxa. About seven chromosomes are rather easily distinguishable by their morphological features. Some differences among karyotypes found are discussed in the light of the used technique and of other cytogenetical data available. Also at this level the strict affinity existing in this group of tetraploid wheats is confirmed, supporting the taxonomical view expressed by MAC KEY. The authors conclude that the large morphological and physiological variability present in both wild and cultivated types should be mainly due to gene differentiation rather than to large chromosomal rearrangements.

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